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Mrs. John Wood (6 November 1831 (bap. 28 November), Liverpool – 11 January 1915, Birchington-on-Sea), born Matilda Charlotte Vining, was an English actress and theatre manager. ==Biography== Born into a theatrical family, Vining travelled the country as a child actor. Over time, she developed a talent for comedy. In 1854, Matilda Vining married John Wood, an English actor. The couple moved to Boston, Massachusetts, where they became involved in American theatre. Her first part in the United States was Gertrude in ''A Loan of a Lover'' on 11 September 1854. The Woods played Boston for three seasons and for the first three months of their third, appeared at the Wallack's Theatre in New York City. New York was already the centre of American theatre, and Mrs. John Wood came to outshine her husband. T. Allston Brown, a contemporary historian of the theatre , offers this explanation for her fame: Mrs. John Wood was a very pretty woman, possessing a fine figure and an attractive face. Her style was excellent in everything she attempted. She read well, had a melodious voice, was affecting in pathetic scenes and lively in those of a cheerful character, was a graceful dancer, and, although her voice was not very strong, it was melodious and well cultivated. She possessed the artistic talent which satisfied every demand that could be made by the most rigid stickler for a high degree of merit in a theatrical artist.〔Brown 155.〕 Mr. and Mrs. John Wood again played Wallack's in the summer of 1857, then moved to San Francisco, California. There they played Maguire's Opera House on 18 January 1858. This season, Mrs. John Wood gained renown for her roles in ''Hi-a-wa-tha; or, Ardent Spirit and Laughing Waters'' and ''Love's Disguises''. She may have managed two theatres during this period: the Forrest Theatre in Sacramento for a few weeks in 1858 and the American Theatre in San Francisco from March 1859 to the beginning of summer. In mid-1859, Mrs. John Wood parted ways with her husband, daughter, and mother and returned to New York. There she joined Dion Boucicault's troupe at the Winter Garden Theatre. Mrs. Wood and Boucicault clashed, so Mrs. Wood decided to tour New York independently for three seasons. On 2 April 1861, ten days before the outbreak of the American Civil War, Mrs. John Wood performed〔Newcomb, cover.〕 Dixie for a concluding scene featuring a Zouave march in a production of the burlesque Po-ca-hon-tas in New Orleans. The song was well-received and encored seven times,〔Reinert 7-8.〕 contributing to the popularity of the song as a Civil War anthem for the Confederacy. Mrs. Wood met Laura Keene in the summer of 1860 while playing at Keene's playhouse, which was renamed the Olympic Theatre in 1863. She managed Jane English's Theatre from its reopening on 8 October 1863. Soon after, she became manager of the Olympic, which changed its name to Mrs. John Wood's Olympic Theatre. She stayed there three seasons, during which she concentrated on burlesques and comedies. On 30 June 1866, Mrs. John Wood departed for England. Mrs. Wood continued her management career at the St. James Theatre in London from 1869 until mid-1872. She then returned to the United States for the 1872-1873 season, then returned to England. In 1881, she appeared in ''Foggerty's Fairy'' by W. S. Gilbert. Until her retirement in 1893, she managed a number of English theatres. Mrs. Wood died in 1915 at the age of 83. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mrs. John Wood」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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